As a result, when finally a working unity system was achieved, i had the original swap partition 4gb, plus 5 new 2. Now setup this newly created partition as swap area using the mkswap command as shown below. Ufsunix file system is the default file system for solaris. Virtual memory today consists of the sum total of physical ram and swap space on disk. These two factors often give rise to confusion and misinterpretation of the data, especially when queried via snmp.
To figure out if your servers are lacking ram, a useful metric would be the sr column in the vmstat command output. It is recommended that the size of your swap space should be equal to twice your computers ram, or 32 mb, whichever amount is larger, but no more than 2048 mb or 2 gb because the modern computer has ram more than 4096. The swap space allocation goes through three different stages. Swapping or more precisely paging must be much faster with an ssd. On solaris, you can, on the fly, remove swap devices with the swap d command or add them with the swap a command. Removing a swap file from use system administration guide. Bu solaris has a very elegant idea of linking swap space and tmp. On modern hardware with 32gb memory or more swap space is rarely used for its primary purpose.
To learn details about the solaris swap space, please read. We no need to bring down the server to single user mode if you are using live upgrade method during pathing and b efore choosing live upgrade,make sure you are using zfs as a root filesystem. It applies to solaris 10, but it deals with adding swap space to a zfs disk and should be valid for solaris 11. Swap space issue in solaris solutions experts exchange. Jul 11, 2012 how to add new swap in solaris 10 on fly july 11, 2012 by lingeswaran r 1 comment rarely we may pushed in a such a situation to add the additional swap space while system is in production.
Swap area changes made from the command line are not permanent and are lost after reboot. Im having a tough time understanding swap space on solaris 10. Adding swap space on a solaris system oracle solaris. If i consider the gain in latency that an ssd brings versus a capacity disk in the region of 100x the solution seems obvious. Home solaris 10 how to add new swap in solaris 10 on fly. I had an interesting discussion with 2 colleagues about the possible interest of putting the swap space of a system on a ssd. If you fill tmp, you essentially reduce the amount of available swap to 0. If you have a solaris system that badly needs more swap but you dont have a free swap device available, you can create a file in the file system and add it as additional swap. The best super all in one clear cache, buffers and swap file in one go. How to add new swap in solaris 10 on fly july 11, 2012 by lingeswaran r 1 comment rarely we may pushed in a such a situation to add the additional swap space while system is in production. This time however i cannot delete or move files on this disk. To remove the added disk from swap space use the following command. The directory is a directory in which you have permission to add swap space. The following section describes how to add or change swap space in a zfs root environment.
Topics are described for both sparc and x86 based systems, where appropriate. Adding or changing swap space in an oracle solaris zfs. Sometimes due to applications,system may in to memory bottle neck. The most important factors in determining swap space size are the requirements of the systems software applications. Or, if the swap space is on a separate slice and you are sure you will not need it again, make a new file system and mount the file system. Jul 03, 2012 solaris os patching has been moved far away from the traditional methods from solaris 10 onwards. In one of our solaris sparc v9 box, we are facing issues related to swap space. Recover the disk space so that you can use it for something else.
After adding the fifth zone to it to host a nis domain, it started suffering out of memory errors like the following. Not enough space solaris 10 by default places tmp on swap. However, this should only be done for a temporary situation. If you have unneeded swap space, you can remove it. For information on mounting a file system, see mounting and unmounting oracle solaris file systems.
Oct 26, 2012 but the value of swap used in through swap l is around 0. This is good for speed, but not so good on a general purpose box where some applications may fill up tmp. However the other times that this has occured i have been able to move files to another disk to make enough space to allow the disk to operate and hence delete other files to make space. The book covers a range of oracle solaris system administration topics related to. Once thats done, swap should be disabled and not come back on the next boot.
Playing with swap monitoring and increasing swap space. As covered in adjusting the sizes of your zfs swap and dump devices, first add another swap volume. To create a permanet swap are you need to add in the etc vfstab file. As a workaround,we will add additional swap space to avoid the system hungpanic. Verify your swap space with swap l and check adding swap space on solaris. The swap command provides a method of adding, deteting and monitoring the swap areas used by the kernel. It is reserving swap on an operating system where swap and ram are combined into one virtual memory pool. Interesting use case of solaris swap space blogo thnet. Alternatively to vmstat, you might prefer to run sar g 5 5 in any case, server2 seems to lack ram according to top output. Open solaris prstat basically this means that the value includes memory that is currently not accessed yet but is mapped into the address space of a process. The swap thing in particular is a bit frustrating, because ultimately id like to be able to remove a failing drive from a freenas system and replace it without a reboot, but the existence of swap on the drive may mean that the system is headed for a panic, or userland bits are headed towards their doom, when those pages cannot be swapped back in.
The swap filename is the name of the swap file you are creating. The book covers a range of oracle solaris system administration topics related to managing. Procedure how to remove unneeded swap space oracle docs. Now that our swap partition is formatted, we need to enable the swap space so run swapon command to enable it. How can i calculate my total size of swap space in solaris. How to add swap space in an oracle solaris zfs root environment. Our custom applications are using swap space even though. If you have an additional hard disk, or space available in an existing disk, create a partition using fdisk command. The oracle solaris 11 host we are using solaris111 has the following file systemrelated components. Adding or changing swap space in an oracle solaris zfs root environment next. Adding or changing swap space in an oracle solaris zfs root environment.
Let us assume that this partition is called devsdc1. So if you have a hard drive that is larger then 2 gb, you need to partition the drive into multiple 2 gb slices. I would like to know what the size of the swap partition on the hard drive is and am concerned that these numbers are including physical memory in their calculations. Solaris swap space and virtual memory softpanorama. Or even better, how can i list all running processes sorted by swap space usage. On rare occasions, there might be a need to increase your systems swap space via a local files on your filesystem. May 18, 2017 in above example, swap l command used to check the existing swap size space, you can use top command as well but using top command you can not find which swap named file are in used. Sep 19, 2012 the swap thing in particular is a bit frustrating, because ultimately id like to be able to remove a failing drive from a freenas system and replace it without a reboot, but the existence of swap on the drive may mean that the system is headed for a panic, or userland bits are headed towards their doom, when those pages cannot be swapped back in.
In above example, swap l command used to check the existing swap size space, you can use top command as well but using top command you can not find which swap named file are in used. This means that when the program terminates, the os will automatically delete the file. Edit the etcvfstab file and delete the entry for the swap file. Addremove swap space in a zfs environment syscookbook. Linux disk partitioning fdisk, parted this article discusses the disc partitioning utilities available linux, with specific reference to the information needed for the rhcsa ex200 and rhce ex300 certification exams remember, the exams are handson, so it doesnt matter which method you use to achieve the result, so long as the end product is correct. How to add new swap in solaris 10 on fly unixarena. If i need to increase swap space in a particular zone, i need to add swap to the entire system.
All transitioning between ram and swap is handled by the solaris os itself. Appendices list the product packages, the required patches, and the. That means that it is important for solaris administrators to understand the features of the solaris swap. As i am new to to this solaris can anybody help me out. These two factors often give rise to confusion and misinterpretation of the. See the previous sections to determine if your system or applications need additional swap space. I installed solaris 10 on a sun blade last month, and have used sun update manager to patch my system regularly. Adding swap space on a solaris system oracle solaris studio. Between 2049 mb and 8192 mb equal to the size of ram. Follow the steps below to add swap space to a solaris system, this example is taken from a solaris 10 system. Why youre monitoring solaris virtual memory wrong logicmonitor. Solaris unix supports various command to get the information about.
I tried to boot from a live gparted cd, but i kept getting an error, so i ran gparted in ubuntu. Now that we know how to monitor the swap space, its time to learn to add space and delete disk space that is allocated to the swap area. I built a stock solaris 10 vm in the lab a few weeks ago. I used swap l and swap s, but i am thinking that, i am getting some wrong result. For you information,from solaris 11 onward,zfs will be the default root filesystem. For example, large applications such as computeraided design simulators, database management products, transaction monitors, and geologic analysis systems can consume as much as 200 mb of swap space. Right click swap partition in gparted and selected swapoff. On my solaris testing machine swap1 file was already created which is currently in used. In other words tmp in solaris is memory based filesystem and files in it disappear on reboot. Swap space problem on solaris 10 652656 aug 26, 2008 5. Removing a swap file from use system administration. Releasing the swap space solaris unix and linux forums. This myth is clearly a case of users who have been around since the solaris 4.
The value of swap is expressed in kilobytes k, megabytes m, or gigabytes g. Apr 25, 2020 swap space can be a dedicated swap partition recommended, a swap file, or a combination of swap partitions and swap files. This used to be a common practice, but it is now considered a bit antisocial, since it makes it impossible for an adminstrator to deal. This can lead to trouble, run out of physical ram, and new processes may not start. Apr 10, 2008 add another drive and set it up as swap space. Now you should modify the partition table and extend your main filesystem if you want to reclaim the unused space. How to remove unneeded swap space in ufs root environment. Playing with swap monitoring and increasing swap space using. Sparc based systems maintain one partition table on each disk. To determine the amount of swap space installed on your system, enter the following command. How do i see virtual memory statistics including used and total swap space. Verify the newly added swap space using the command below.
You get lovely fork errors on the shell, and interesting. Unlike earlier releases of solaris, most of the system parameters needed to run oracle are already set properly, so the only one you need is the maximum shared memory parameter. Reserving swap just exhausts the disk based swap area for no reason and should not be doing this at all. Swap space adding and removing in solaris 10 blogger. We no need to bring down the server to single user mode if you are using live upgrade method during pathing and before choosing live upgrade,make sure you are using zfs as a root filesystem. Planning for swap space oracle solaris administration. Oracle db on solaris utilizing swap memory when free ram. The only caveat is that i am running the 32 bit version of solaris 10, which has a limitation on maximum swap size of 2 gb. Be careful, swap space is handled differently between linux and solaris.
Solaris does not require any swap space to be configured at all. I do not have the top command available and neither prstat nor swap seem to be able to provide information about how much swap space a given process is using. Solaris 10 os patching using liveupgrade unixarena. The value of usage of swap in both the cases is different, in zfs list command the value of swap usage is 1. This is straight out of the man pages, but i had a hard time finding it the first time that i needed it. Just run something like vmstat 10 10 during reference and peak periods 10 samples every 10 seconds and post the output. Some of the servers does not have the top command and i do not have access to run zone level commands either like zonecfg. How much swap space to add for oracle database on linux. Adding more swap space system administration guide. If you are running oracle database on your environment, and having some performance issues because of memory, you may have to look at the swap space configured on your system. Or, if the swap space is on a separate slice and you are sure you will not need it again, make a. Swapoff only disables swap for the currently running system, to make it permanent you should combine it with removing the relevant entry from etcfstab. You can find only total swap memory available on the solaris server. Delete a swap file from the current swap configuration.
It also gives instructions on installing the required operating systems patches. Solaris os patching has been moved far away from the traditional methods from solaris 10 onwards. How to delete files on a zfs filesystem that is 100% full. Note that the available swap space in the output of swap s command includes the amount of free physical memory.
Use a hard drive partition for additional swap space. Here is the procedure we followed to modify the kernel parameters on solaris 10 oracle 10. As you probably know, the solaris operating system uses the badly worded swap space to designate the virtual swap space of a unix process, which is to differentiate from the physical swap space which represents the disk or file swap device. Filesystem kbytes used avail capacity mounted on devdskc0t0d0s0 6196110 5612522 521627 92% devices 0 0 0 0% devices ctfs 0 0 0 0% systemcontract proc 0 0 0 0% proc mnttab 0 0 0 0% etcmnttab swap 2305496 1064 2304432 1%. For oracle 11g database, the following is the recommendation from oracle in terms of how much space space you should add.
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